Исследования отдельных жанров

The negative-evaluative speech acts of aggressive nature, operating in the Russian pedagogical discourse are studied in this paper. The Kazakhstan secondary schools teachers’ oral speeches in the lessons framework are chosen as the research material.

The article is devoted to professionally oriented teaching of the Russian language. Particular attention is given to dialogue as the main speech genre for students of a medical universities. The dialogue helps the doctor conducts an anamnesis, or a patient interview for the diagnosis. Anamnesis collection is a professional dialogue-inquiry. There are three styles of speech: oral colloquial speech, oral business and oral scientific speech. This is specificity and complexity during the study.

Based on dictaphone recordings, the article investigates some peculiarities of oral scientific speech of postgraduate technical students, emphasizing its significant features (informational and pre-made content, its official and monological character, means of direct adress) and highlighting the role of pragmatics (extralinguistic factors). On the basis of the experiment, it is proved that the story about academic research might be considered as a special scientific speech genre with some traits of popular science and educational variety of it.

The article examines the peculiarities of the oral news genre with special emphasis on meaningful differences from its written form. Apart from the speech pattern, the reported features are determined by the limitations of the addressee’s perception under the conditions of the formal remote communication. It is highlighted that the journalist most often doesn’t know these socalled “pitfalls” or simply is not paying attention to them at the moment of speaking. Each of these “pitfalls” is studied in detail.

The article presents one of the scientific text meaning components – the beginning, or introduction, which introduces the text content comprehension. groups of introductions differentiated on basis of scientific and cognitive author’s attitude are described. quantitative comparison of introductions from observed groups, taken from the articles that are published in the selected works of famous scientists R. Jakobson, L. V. Scherba, B. A. Larin and in the collection of articles of 2011 and 2016, is presented.

The article deals with value-marked personal narratives about funny incidents as a genre of comic discourse. In contrast with other genres of comic discourse these narratives are presented as event messages that have happened with the narrator or with people known to him. The comical essence of such stories consists in a combination of incompatible positions, the first one shows an event as a real, matter-offact habitual state of affairs, whereas the second one describes it as a fantastic, pathetical or stereotyped reality.

In article functions of consent and disagreement in natural easy communication are considered. In the center of attention of the author question: whether always the consent of the interlocutor with speaking is expected whether always it contains positive effect, and disagreement – negative? Material which is given by the author of article mainly within a consolation genre, shows that quite often consent has a minus sign, and disagreement – plus. Also some general features of consent and disagreement and also silence role in their expression are considered.

The study of particular kinds of discourse becomes more and more actual in modern linguistics. During the last decades in Russian linguistics discoursology developed into a separate direction focused on study of theoretical and applied aspects of discourse. In this connection many researches of the end of 90s and beginning of 2000s are dedicated to the study of religious discourse.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the genre “Collected Works”, namely the works of political leaders of the Soviet Union. The object of the study is the collected works of Leonid Brezhnev “Lenin’s course”, published in 9 volumes from 1973 to 1983. Formulated The hypothesis is formulated: the “Collected Works” is a typological variety of the literary metatexts, i.e. the ensemble or composite of several text structures. It is a generic cyclization form of substantive and constitutive characteristics.

The article deals with a speech act «prediction», its content is a categorical declaration of future events. Semantically it is a type of communicative concepts, and pragmatically, it combines characteristics of declarations and commissives. Predictions may be either rationally determined or intuitively generated, the former are typical of a scientific discourse whereas the latter mostly function within religious and habitual communication.