speech genre

This review presents a new book on the fundamental categories of «text» and «culture» as they emerge among the research priorities of humanities and linguistics in the beginning of the 21st century. Authored by Z. Ya. Turaeva, this book discusses a wide scope of problems that were in the focus of linguistic research at the turn of the millennium. These problems range from text models to linguistic demagogy and linguistics of lies. from the text addressee and ethno-psychological features of addressing the text to intertextuality.

Assessment is a compulsory semantic component of the speech genre of a scientific review. The evaluative nature of the scientific review along with its dependence on norms of science-based ethics determines the significance of such category as assertiveness for the speech genre.

The genre of Russian-language encyclopedia articles is analyzed in terms of the impact of socio-cultural context and the stylistic system of the language. We compare the three most significant publications in the chronological range from the end of the XIX century to the present. We discuss the circumstances that contributed to the transformation of the purely scientific genre to the scientific reference work.

The article is dedicated to the speech genre as a unifying basis for different theories of style. We clarify the notions of language, speech, dis-course, text in terms of «language phenomena» aspects singled out by L. V. Scherba. Terminological stability allows us to outline four approaches to style definition: cognitive, systemic-structural, textual and communicative. The cognitive aspect of style corresponds to the «system of concepts and strategies of usage». In this view, the speech genre allows for diverse definitions.

This article discusses intertextuality, a critical but still an under-researched aspect of speech genres (SG). We focus on the intertextual content of Michael Bakhtin’s concept of the SG which he viewed as the «word of the other». The concept of a secondary genre (in terms of the diachronic nature of the SG) is shown as essential and several classifications of secondary SGs based on intertextuality are proposed.

The article is devoted to the study of one of the aspects of the speech genre «buffoonery», which has been formed and become very popular lately within the British culture. The problem of the relationship between the concepts of a speech genre, a speech act, a communicative strategy etc. are widely discussed in the linguistic literature. It gets obvious that there can be no clear and definite differentiation of these concepts. All the concepts mentioned can be designated by the same way according to the angle of their consideration and their functioning in the text.

The article attempts to present communicative space of intercity traffic in the aspect of genre differentiation, focusing on a small written genre as a primitive text of road communication. This article covers a system of small written genres (advertisements, signboards, posters, signs), their specificity is conditioned by a number of extralinguistic factors. Attention is drawn to the regional marks of the studied texts.

The issue of classifying and structuring genres of sublegislative discourse is under consideration. The premise is found to be M.M. Bakhtin's proposition of dialogic imagination. The well-defined system of genres was developed under the influence of goals and strategies of discourse, the character of institutional interaction, variety of social and communicative events. Structuring genres was based on: 1) character of the leading intention and community of functional purpose.

The article proves the introduction of genre category concept into the speech genres analysis which helps to describe the linguistic definiteness of the genres. Genre categories are distinguished not on grammatical, but on an extralinguistic, intentional basis. Three types of categories – dialogism, illocution, and referentiality are offered for description of speech genres. Each category has its field the of different language units, composition methods, and nonverbal means.

The article is devoted to one of the most important and obvious aspects of speech genres – relation of speech genres and evaluation. This issue is im-portant not only for the theory of speech genres, but also for linguistics in general, although it is far from being solved. We discuss the key concept of this problem – “form of evaluation” – a kind of genre norms that determine, on the one hand, the pragmatic, stylistic, linguistic modeling of evaluative actions, on the other – the differences between adjacent evaluative genres.