речевые жанры

This study analyzes the peculiarities and genre organization of the drama discourse The text of drama is viewed as a hyper-genre determining conceptual, aesthetic and communicative space in which all the characters act as language personalities. Speech-genre competence of characters or language personalities performing life-like roles (among them professional ones) determines their inclusion in some new hyper-genre.

The article is devoted to the description of lexeme «truth» functioning features entering different speech genres. The word «truth» is referred to the group of discourse words providing speech coherence, reflecting the process of interaction between the speaker and listener, as well as conveying attitude of the speaker to what has been said. The study considers broad understanding of discourse words as structural components of the speech genre that realize illocutionary functions and are associated with speech steps of the speaker in the creation of genre.

The possibility of speech genristic approach to non-verbal communication is discussed in the article. Traditionally, only verbal forms of sentences are regarded as speech genres. However, the contemporary theory of speech communication differenciates  verbal and non-verbal speech. Therefore,  the speech genres may be non-verbal too, that is well traced in nowadays speech interaction, mainly on the level of everyday communication.

F. de Saussure determined rigid limits of priorities in linguistics and separated language from speech that has no system in his opinion. M. M. Bakhtin in his work «The Problem of Speech Genres» accepted the differentiation of language and speech (utterance in his system of terms) unlike V. N. Voloshinov but he considered the concentration on the problems of language insufficient and the study of speech necessary. In the field of speech he singled out the most stable component – speech genres that are set to speakers together with language.

The research is devoted to the consideration of mockery as a contemporary communicative phenomenon. The article describes trends of the modification in the genre mass media field, a characterization of some sociocultural background and preconditions of mockery’s origin is discussed, two variants of mockery – intellectual and marginal – are distinguished. Mockery as a sociocultural phenomenon appears as a result of carnivalization, critical evaluation and parody, which are based on the means of the comic – irony, satire, sarcasm.

The article is devoted to the autograph as a genre of natural writing speech. The object of researcher’s attention is presented by memorable inscriptions (signatures), handwritten by authors on fiction books. Texts-autographs are realized through natural written activity of a person, possess typical features peculiar to genres of natural written speech in general (according to N.B. Lebedeva’s classification). It allows to relate autograph to this particular type of genres. The leading genre-formative parameter of texts-autographs is their manuscript nature.

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the thesis about the implicit typological connection of three fiction-writing modes (drama, epic and lyric poetry) with the basic kinds of communicative strategies (informative, phatic and “autocommunicative”). Epic, lyric poetry and drama are viewed as three substantial modes (or vectors) of verbal and non-verbal statements. The concept of “speech genres” covers a subordinate to it concept of “fiction-writing modes”.

The M. M. Bakhtin’s work on speech genres is wellknown. However this problem was examined by other outstanding Russian scholar A. A. Reformatskiy in his book «Technical editing of a book. Theory and method of work» published in 1933 (Bakhtin’s work was written twenty years later). Unlike Bakhtin Reformatskiy studied only a part of genres – genres of books – but his classification was more detailed and fixed main features of different genres depending on the aims of their publication.

Review of the international conference ”Speech Genres and “Speech Genres””, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of humanities education in Saratov State University and the 20th anniversary of the international scientific journal “Speech Genres” (Saratov State University, 27–29 November 2017). The conference was attended by researchers from Saratov, Veliky Novgorod, Volgograd, Voronezh, Hanover (Germany), Ekaterinburg, Kazan, Krasnoyarsk, Minsk (Belarus), Moscow, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Penza, Perm, Samara, St.

The article deals with the use of metaphors in the context of speech genres of emotional impact on the addressee. The theoretical substantiation of these genres with the description of their features and means of realizing the speaker’s intent are presented, taking into account whether the desired emotional impact is positive or negative.