жанрообразующие признаки

This work is done within the framework of the theory of speech genres. The article raises the problem of differentiation of variability of speech genres and homonymy. In the example of different texts comments seeks to identify variants and of similar genres. There are cases of the use of "masks" of the genre for the realizing the texts of other genres. As a criterion for distinguishing, use the parameters of genres.

The article is devoted to the autograph as a genre of natural writing speech. The object of researcher’s attention is presented by memorable inscriptions (signatures), handwritten by authors on fiction books. Texts-autographs are realized through natural written activity of a person, possess typical features peculiar to genres of natural written speech in general (according to N.B. Lebedeva’s classification). It allows to relate autograph to this particular type of genres. The leading genre-formative parameter of texts-autographs is their manuscript nature.

Modern linguists are trying to solve the problem of determining the boundaries of the genre, its variability or transition to another genre. But until now this issue remains controversial. The article is devoted to the problem of the functioning of the speech genre in various spheres of communication.

The article deals with the controversial problem of  variability in the speech genre. Briefly, different approaches to understanding the variant in linguistic literature are highlighted. On the example of comparison of well-studied appeal genres in political discourse and slogan in the advertising discourse, they are offered an understanding of them as variants of one genre. The authors’ point of view is justified by the coincidence of the communicative goal (illocutionary function) and a minor modification of other genre-forming features.

The article presents a research of the speech genre “a practical training report”. The genre is studied within an educational-academic professional substyle. The author describes essential genre forming features of the genre, its basic linguistic properties and structure. The author sees the practical value of the research in the applicability of its results to speech genres modelling as well to practical aspects connected with teaching students to make up a practical training report as a part of their university education. 

The article presents the analysis of the speech genre aspects of TED talks, identifies their place in the speech genre hierarchy, their reference to the communication sphere and specifies their chronotopos peculiarities. Genregenetic properties of TED talks, forming their model, are analyzed through the research of their pragmatic framework constituted by discourse markers: through the aspects of discourse organization, the addressor and the addressee’s interaction, the author’s selfpresentation.