детский фольклор

The oath in child's speech becomes a secondary character. The basis of the article conprices set expressions, functioning in an informal communication. Most of them appeared in the Soviet period, due to the specific role of ritual in the USSR and the characteristics of the Soviet system of the speech genres. The most significant differences between children's oath are: its formal organization (a narrower repertoire of specific components acting as a guarantee in the case of their verbalization, the possibility of rhyme, stability).

  The research deals with two related genres, representing the periphery of the contemporary system of speech genres. The otgovorka is a genre of children’s folklore, reflecting a specific form of children’s communicative behavior. It allows to defend oneself against verbal aggression with the help of a certain list of cliched (most often rhymed) texts well known in children’s subculture. In the speech of adults it corresponds to the otgovor - a genre uncharacteristic of literary speech, the sphere of its usage is folk culture.

The article is devoted to the genre of mirilka (from the Russian «мир» – peace) as the form of the children’s verbal creativity which is the byways of learning in linguistics and folklore. The topicality of the research of the speech genre of mirilka is connected with the wide use of such texts by preschoolers. Moreover, it is due to the possibility of using mirilkas in the educational process aiming to form the ability of overcoming conflicts and interacting constructively with peers in games.